Mission
-------

Build a crosstool-ng toolchain for i486.

Use makepkg with patched PKGBUILDs for cross-compilation.

We cannot run tests this way, as we don't assume the i486
is running on x64_64 (which it does, but for the sake
of the general usage of the approach we MUST assume it
doesn't!).

Packages built for the chroot must be also accessible to
the cross-compiler (for header files, tools and libraries).
For this we unpack all generated chroot packages in the sysroot
of the toolchain.

x-tools and sysroot: the cross-compiler (cross-ng) and
the installed packages (using bsdtar) in the sysroot
of the toolchain.

i486-root destination root, being the boot image of the
temporary system for i486.

The goal is to get to a self-contained system with as
few packages as possible which allows a basic i486 to
be built. This requires at least some development tools,
pacman and some base system to be cross-compiled.

We also want basic network connetivity, so we can use
the i486 VMs or real i486 as build slaves. Also, having
a minimal bootable ISO for the i486 system (or even a
set of floppies or PXE boot via a boot floppy would
be very useful). We cannot have kernel modules in a 
ramdisk or systemd for this basic system because they
interfere heavily with memory constains on a 486! So,
we build up to an openssh server.

On top, the full Archlinux i486 universe can then be
built (either with a i486 chroot or via a i486 master/
distcc slaves setup or a distributed i486 cluster setup).

There is another caveat: we are patching the PKGBUILDs
to do proper cross-compilation (--with-host, --with-target).
Still we try to stay close to the original PKGBUILDs.

References
----------

https://archlinuxarm.org/wiki/Distcc_Cross-Compiling
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Cross-compiling_tools_package_guidelines
http://mgalgs.github.io/2011/12/08/creating-arch-linux-packages-by-hand.html
http://clfs.org/view/svn/ppc/chroot/before-chroot.html
http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/clfs/
https://www.dotslashlinux.com/2017/04/29/booting-the-linux-kernel-without-an-initrd-initramfs/
https://rubenerd.com/sata-on-qemu/
https://archlinuxarm.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=57&t=6163
https://dustymabe.com/2012/12/15/mounting-a-partition-within-a-disk-image/
http://preshing.com/20141119/how-to-build-a-gcc-cross-compiler/
http://wiki.osdev.org/GCC_Cross-Compiler
http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/6.2/chapter05/adjusting.html
https://wiki.debian.org/FakeRoot
https://archlinuxarm.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=57&t=6163
https://www.phenix.bnl.gov/~purschke/RescueCD/
https://github.com/ivandavidov/minimal-linux-script
https://askubuntu.com/questions/109413/how-do-i-use-overlayfs
https://how-to-build-for-arm.wikispaces.com/
https://arsv.github.io/perl-cross/
http://www.ibb.net/~anne/keyboard.html

Recipe
------

#########
# PHASE 0
#########

# Prepare the host. We use Archlinux 64-bit as we don't fully trust the
# 32-bit toolchain in Archlinux32 (yet). And a 64-bit based toolchain is
# more usable anyway nowadays.

# Archlinux with base and base-devel (2018.01.01-x86_64.iso).
# OpenSSH and editor (joe), grub.

# Install necessary tools

./install_host.sh

# Prepare the cross-compiler for the destination platform, in our
# case i486.
#
# configuration of crosstools-ng:
#
# Target architecture i486
# Bitness 32-bit
# Architecture level i486
# Emit assembly for CPU i486
# Toolchain bug URL: https://bugs.archlinux32.org
# Type: Cross
# Build System: empty (was: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
# No NLS
# Target OS linux
# version of linux 4.13.9
# binutils 2.29.1
# select ld, gold as linkers
# C-library: glibc
# gcc 7.2.0
# no libmpx
# Don't forget to enable C++!

ct-ng menuconfig
cp .config ct-ng.config

# build the toolchain, results in a 486 toolchain in /home/cross/x-tools

./build_cross.sh

# prepare repo where we build stage 1 with the cross-compiler

su cross ./prepare_stage1_repo.sh

#########
# PHASE 1
#########

# Build stage1 in $STAGE1_BUILD with the cross-compiler and modified
# PKGBUILDs and patches into $STAGE1_CHROOT.

# we cannot build the glibc or the compilers, we create phantom packages
# by hand without makepkg with files from the toolchain's sysroot

# so we build gcc-libs for compiler libraries (C and C++) and the glibc
# we will NOT build them using the cross-compiler as packages but later
# at the end of phase 1. This ensures glibc and gcc-libs are around as
# dependency for makepkg all the time, if not the original one, so close
# ones fitting to the crosstoolchain.

su cross ./create_gcc-lib_shim.sh

su cross ./create_glibc_shim.sh

# take pre-computed cert stores from an existing machine as the
# dependencies to build the package are just too many

su cross ./create_ca-certificates-utils_shim.sh

# Install stage 1

./build_stage1.sh

# Build stage 1 ISO

su cross ./create_cdrom.sh

# or easier for direct testing, build stage 1 hard disk image

su cross ./create_hdd.sh

# TODO FROM HERE:


# build packages for the i486-chroot
####################################


# the package list
##################


# basic packages 
PACKAGES=" \
# TODO: iputils is for ping only, a little bit too many packages for
# that.
sysfsutils libidn nettle iputils"
# systrace for debugging

# sysfsutils and libidn, nettle for iputils
SYSROOT_PACKAGES=" \
sysfsutils libidn"



# special patches for some packages
###################################


# libidn
sed -i 's@./configure@./configure --host=i486-unknown-linux-gnu --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu@g' libidn/PKGBUILD

# sysfsutils
sed -i 's@./configure@./configure --host=i486-unknown-linux-gnu --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu@g' sysfsutils/PKGBUILD

# nettle
sed -i 's@./configure@./configure --host=i486-unknown-linux-gnu --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu@g' PKGBUILD

# iputils
# no documentation and use git from host
sed -i 's@\(make doc man\)@#\1@' iputils/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' iputils/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@make @make CC=i486-unknown-linux-gnu-cc LD=i486-unknown-linux-gnu-ld@g' iputils/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@\(install -m644 doc\)@#\1@' iputils/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@\("${pkgdir}"/usr/share\)@#\1@' iputils/PKGBUILD


#######################################
##### TODO FROM HERE
#######################################

# TODO: m4. autoconf, automake, libtool are not really bootstrappable in x-tools
# basic packages, non-virtual one from above: kernel, shell, pacman, editor, coreutils, development
# tools (some of them can be bootstrapped inside like the autotools, perl; and they also should!)

# linux-headers is important so we can build kmod inside the chroot
# linux itself is tricky. For now we will boot with direct kernel parameters and binary in libvirt/qemu

PACKAGES=          \
     \
 \
libffi glib2 libunistring gettext"

# some binaries in the cross tools (also known as perl) have really
# weird library pathes (and no rpath it seems)
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/lib/:/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/lib/perl5/5.26/core_perl/CORE
export PATH=/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/bin:/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/bin:${PATH}

###
TODO FROM HERE

	# TODO:
	# autoreconf needs autotools/m4 and dependencies (crosstool-ng autotools are broken for me)\
	# libunistring for gettext
	# libffi for glib2
	pushd $HOME/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/m4-1.4.18-1-i486.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/autoconf-2.69-4-any.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/automake-1.15.1-1-any.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/libffi-3.2.1-2-i486.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/libunistring-0.9.7-1-i486.pkg.tar.gz
	popd

	cd ..
done


# special patches for some packages
###################################

# autoconf needs help2man, checks need fortan (wow. that package is old!)
# depends contains base-devel stuff?! diffutils
sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' autoconf/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' autoconf/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@depends\(.*\)@#depends=\1@g' autoconf/PKGBUILD

# automake needs dejagnu for testing, not now, disabling checks
sed -i 's@checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' automake/PKGBUILD

# libool: trusting the toolchain here, no silly checks :-)
sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' libtool/PKGBUILD

# afterpatching; autreconf has a hard-coded #! /bin/perl -w bang,
# seriously!
chmod u+w /home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/bin/autoreconf
sed -i 's@^#/bin/perl@/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/bin/perl@g' \
	/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/bin/autoreconf


# glib2
#######
# take gettext from host
sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' glib2/PKGBUILD
# get arch-meson wrapper, doens't build without it!
# ok, forget meson, completly broken, resorting to autotools.
# autoreconf: running: /home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/autoconf --force
# configure.ac:88: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_DEFINE
# huh?
# retooling seems to be near impossible! ok, autoconf broken, meson unusable.. sweet
Found pkg-config: /bin/pkg-config (0.27.1)
Dependency libpcre found: NO
Library m found: YES
Not looking for a fallback subproject for the dependency libffi because:
Automatic wrap-based fallback dependency downloading is disabled.

Meson encountered an error in file meson.build, line 1439, column 0:
Native dependency 'libffi' not found
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in build().
    Aborting...
=> this is all very wrong!

# gettext
#########
# remove glib2 from depends, not needed (why the hell is there anyway then?!?! just for fun?)

# libarchive calls autoreconf, this is quite annoying as perl in crosstool-nt or
###
# stil in phase two, no proper autotools, let's apply the out-of-chroot trick once more..
# do the autoreconf -fi outside, create a package libarchive-3.3.2-retooled.tgz
# libarchive has trouble with wchar_t (and has quite some other trouble around autoconf it seems)
# remove the wchar_t and wchar_t sizeof test in configure.ac manutally before retooling
# and of course tests fail!
# no checks again
sed -i "s@^source=.*@source=('libarchive-3.3.2-retooled.tgz')@g" libarchive/PKGBUILD
sed -i "s@^sha256sums=.*@sha256sums=('1f856e6f5cc0e1479f381e381a031ba19d09f80b51ac88e74b2c140fc78606e8')@g" libarchive/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@autoreconf@#autoreconf@g' libarchive/PKGBUILD

# generic build
###############

for p in $PACKAGES

	# for some packages we cannot execute tests (because the dependencies to install in
	# the toolchain environment would be too much)
	# autoconf: --nocheck
	# automake: --nockeck
	# pacman: --nocheck
	# mpfr: --nocheck

	# for ncurses, readline for bash
	# autoreconf needs autotools/m4 and dependencies (crosstool-ng autotools are broken for me)
	# libunistring for gettext
	# libffi for glib2
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/m4-1.4.18-1-i486.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/mpfr-3.1.6.p1-1-i486.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/libmpc-1.0.3-2-i486.pkg.tar.gz
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/gawk-4.1.4-2-i486.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/libffi-3.2.1-2-i486.pkg.tar.gz 
	bsdtar xf $STAGE1_CHROOT/packages/i486/libunistring-0.9.7-1-i486.pkg.tar.gz
	popd

	cd ..
done

testing:

# common issues
###############


TODOS: in linux package makepkg
https://github.com/libarchive/libarchive/issues/411

https://rubenerd.com/sata-on-qemu/

/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm --enable-kvm -cpu 486 -m 32 -vnc 0.0.0.0:2 \
	-kernel linux/pkg/linux/boot/vmlinuz-linux \
	-append 'root=/dev/hda1 nomodeset init=/etc/rc console=ttyS0 console=tty0' \
	-cdrom /data/isos/arch486.iso -hda /data/libvirt/arch486.qcow2 -nographic

qemu-system-i386 --enable-kvm -cpu 486 -m 32 -cdrom /data/isos/arch486.iso \
	-hda /data/libvirt/arch486.qcow2 -curses -boot d \
	-netdev user,id=net0,net=10.0.0.0/24,host=10.0.0.2,dhcpstart=10.0.0.16,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 \
	-device rtl8139,netdev=net0

qemu-system-i386 --enable-kvm -cpu 486 -m 32 \
	-hda /home/cross/arch486.img -curses -boot d \
	-netdev user,id=net0,net=10.0.0.0/24,host=10.0.0.2,dhcpstart=10.0.0.16,hostfwd=tcp::2222-:22 \
	-device rtl8139,netdev=net0

# very funny: uvesafb: failed to execute /sbin/v86d
# Intel and ARM DRM modules:
# BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at   (null)

PHASE 2
#######

Test what we can build inside the chroot.
When we get all dependencies right, we go into the real environment (which is
i486 and thus not SMP and slow- ok, we could use distcc, but anyway)

Main problem: we have trouble to run fakeroot in a chroot
fakeroot: nested operation not yet supported
makepkf -F takes care of that (thanks for providing minial fakeroot support)
but pacman also takes an -F parameter
-> INFAKEROOT=1 in /usr/bin/makepkg

As pacman seems to have some trouble, we overwrite the temp packages inside
the chroot and replace the files on the filesystem forcefully:
error: could not register 'temp' database (wrong or NULL argument passed)

In this round don't skip dependencies and tests if possible.

cp pkg/arch-install-scripts/usr/bin/arch-chroot /usr/local/bin/.

arch-chroot /home/cross/i486-root/

# package specific things

# iana-etc:
download error https://www.iana.org/assignments/service-names-port-numbers/service-names-port-numbers.xml
=> we miss /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt from  ca-certificates-utils, we
   can copy it from an existing archlinux

# hack /usr/bin/makepkg, run_pacman again, this time set
# --config /etc/pacman-i486.conf -r /

# tzdata
/build/tzdata/PKGBUILD: line 25: zic: command not found
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in package().
    Aborting...
=> forgot zig in the shim

# ncurses
# dlsym errors and we don't have a C++ compiler (yet)
sed -i 's@./configure@./configure --without-dlsym@g' ncurses/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@--with-cxx-binding --with-cxx-shared@--without-cxx  --without-cxx-binding --without-cxx-shared@g' ncurses/PKGBUILD

# perl
######
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
        LANGUAGE = (unset),
        LC_ALL = (unset),
        LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.

# openssl
sed -i 's@i686@i486@g' openssl/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@no-ssl3-method@no-sse2 no-ssl3-method@g' openssl/PKGBUILD

# xz
# with gcc 7.2 we get new errors
sed -i 's@--enable-werror@--disable-werror@g' xz/PKGBUILD

# help2man
# needs perl-locale-gettext, which needs gettext, which needs glib2
# which needs meson (so a big nogo currently!)
# obviously it builds also without gettext..
sed -i 's@^depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' help2man/PKGBUILD

# bc
# requires texinfo, is this part of base-devel?
# bootstrap --force
# no /usr/lib32
# ./fbc -c ./libmath.b </dev/null >libmath.h


# libelf 
########
In file included from /usr/include/error.h:52:0,
                 from xmalloc.c:33:
/usr/include/bits/error.h: In function 'error':
/usr/include/bits/error.h:40:5: error: format not a string literal, argument types not checked [-Werror=format-nonliteral]
     __error_noreturn (__status, __errnum, __format, __va_arg_pack ());
     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
=> -isystem in gcc specfile needed, not -I


# 
# libxml2
# go without icu for now, icu needs C++
# also, python bindings and git are not really needed
sed -i 's@^depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' libxml2/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' libxml2/PKGBUILD
build()
{
  sed -i -e 's/ -shared / -Wl,-O1,--as-needed\0 /g' libtool
  make
}
sed -i 's@--with-icu@@' libxml2/PKGBUILD
# dito package
# really, what is it with people!
# take: ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-2.9.7.tar.gz
#source=(git+https://git.gnome.org/browse/libxml2#commit=$_commit
# no tests, c++ tests would fail
./configure: line 13042: syntax error near unexpected token `Z,zlib,'
./configure: line 13042: `    PKG_CHECK_MODULES(Z,zlib,'
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in build().
    Aborting...
-> zlib probing needs pkg-config, which is it's own disaster, so disable
zlib for now.
=> hack out the broken PKG_CHECK_MODULES out of configure!
-> same trick for LZMA (equally broken) and ICU
-> disable testing for now, either it takes long or it hangs

# libgcrypt
# download location broken, download by hand, adapt PKGBUILD

# libxslt: same disaster as libxml2
# no python, no check

# kmod: circular dependency on linux-headers, let's build
# linux/linux-headers correctly outside the chroot and install
# them here (at least linux-headers)
# gtk-doc draws in Gnome bullshit again
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' kmod/PKGBUILD

# libtirpc: break the cyrcle with systemd (via krb5)
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' libtirpc/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@^depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' libtirpc/PKGBUILD
# configure: error: gssapi.h not found. Use --disable-gssapi, or install GSS-API.
# --disable-gssapi

# pam:
# dependency w3m is for documentation, let's remove it
rm: cannot remove '/build/pam/pkg/pam/usr/share/doc/Linux-PAM/sag-pam_userdb.html': No such file or directory
also remove section in PKGBUILD

# inetutils:
# disable checks

# iroute2
# trying with iptables, as iptables draws in tons of things
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' iproute2/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@^depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' iproute2/PKGBUILD

# bison
# --nocheck: fails miserably to compile tests (C++ missing?)

# linux-headers: fails hapilly and has tons of weird stuff in it
install: failed to access ‘/home/cross/build/linux/pkg/linux-headers/usr/lib/modules/4.13.13-1/build’: No such file or directory
_package-headers()
=>  mkdir -p "${_builddir}" everywhere, the problem is install -D on Centos, obviously broken!

# kmod
configure: error: The pkg-config script could not be found or is too old.  Make sure it
is in your PATH or set the PKG_CONFIG environment variable to the full
path to pkg-config.

Alternatively, you may set the environment variables liblzma_CFLAGS
and liblzma_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.

To get pkg-config, see <http://pkg-config.freedesktop.org/>.
See `config.log' for more details
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in build().
    Aborting...
=> let's try to set lzma ourselves or disable it, get around pkg-config probing
# no pkg-config, no docu, try to work around
sed -i 's@--enable-gtk-doc@--disable-gtk-doc@g' kmod/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@./configure@liblzma_CFLAGS=-I/usr/include liblzma_LIBS=-llzma ./configure@g' kmod/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@./configure@zlib_CFLAGS=-I/usr/include zlib_LIBS=-lz ./configure@g' kmod/PKGBUILD
=> ok heck: linking errors
sed -i 's@--with-xz@--without-xz@g' kmod/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@--with-zlib@--without-zlib@g' kmod/PKGBUILD

# libidn
# --nocheck, testing hangs

# iputils
# remove git again
# no docu, hack out manually 
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' iptuils/PKGBUILD

# perl-error
# no checks, needs perl test-pod
sed -i 's@^checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' perl-error/PKGBUILD


# shadow
# git treatment again.
# no docu
# --disable-man

# git
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' git/PKGBUILD
# no make doc
# disable most things in build
# disable doc in install-doc
# NO_GETTEXT=1
# --nocheck
=> no luck

# lz4:
# git tweaking again, use 1.8.0 tarball

# tar:
# checking whether mknod can create fifo without root privileges... configure: error: in `/build/tar/src/tar-1.29':
# configure: error: you should not run configure as root (set FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 in environment to bypass this check)
# See `config.log' for more details
=> oh, please, bugger off!
sed -i 's@./configure@FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 ./configure@g' tar/PKGBUILD

#TODO:
# lz4
# git package again
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' lz4/PKGBUILD

#TODO: cracklib util-linux e2fsprogs libldap keyutils krb5 they end in circlejerk with systemd!
# we will solve that later by building a non-systemd version and then bootstrapping first systemd
# git: out of reach for now, far too many dependencies
perl-error git

# for now we don't rebuild ca-certificates, we had to copy them funilly anyway, and it's
# just a bunch of certs. So, in phase 3 or 4 then..

# curl
######
# curl needs asciidoc and p11-kit, don't build them, use them from the host
sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' curl/PKGBUILD
# build with minimal features, enough to make pacman download packages
sed -i 's@depends\(.*\)@depends=('ca-certificates' 'openssl' 'zlib')@g' curl/PKGBUILD
# zsh, perl is used to create a completion file for curl and zsh?
sed -i 's@--with-gssapi@--with-gssapi --without-zsh-functions-dir@g' curl/PKGBUILD

# pacman
########
# pacman's tests mostly fail on non-Archlinux, so skip them
# asciidoc is a makedepend, we can use the one on the host
sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' pacman/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' pacman/PKGBUILD
# minimal dependencies, we don't sign anything yet
sed -i "s/'gpgme'//g" pacman/PKGBUILD
sed -i "s/'pacman-mirrorlist'//g" pacman/PKGBUILD
sed -i "s/'archlinux-keyring'//g" pacman/PKGBUILD
# we need pkg-config, otherwise pacman find libarchive in the wrong
# place, but pkg-config needs glib2 and glib2 is built using meson (urgh!)
# when we take the host version, lets patch the host pkgconfig file to
# use the sysroot of the toolchain
# we simply set LIBARCHIVE_CFLAGS and LIBARCHIVE_LIBS to get rid of pkg-config probing
sed -i 's@./configure@LIBARCHIVE_CFLAGS=-I/usr/include LIBARCHIVE_LIBS=-larchive ./configure@g' pacman/PKGBUILD
# --nocheck still, as we don't have python yet
# and of course :-)
sed -i 's/exit 1 # \$E_USER_ABORT/# exit 1 # $E_USER_ABORT/g' /home/cross/i486-root/usr/bin/makepkg
# TODO
install: cannot stat '/build/pacman/src/pacman.conf.i486': No such file or directory
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in package().
    Aborting...
=> use the /etc/pacman-i486.conf from the chroot as pacman.conf.i486 (we still have the temp
   repo and we force the Architecture)
sed -i "s/686)/486)/g" pacman/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's/mycarch="i686"/mycarch="i486")/g' pacman/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's/mychost="i686-pc-linux-gnu"/mychost="i486-pc-linux-gnu"/g' pacman/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's/myflags="-march=i686"/myflags=-march=i486/g' pacman/PKGBUILD

# coreutils
###########
sed -i 's@./configure@FORCE_UNSAFE_CONFIGURE=1 ./configure@g' coreutils/PKGBUILD

# TODO: needed in stage 2?
# apply man generation patch (one has to wonder, is it maintained at all?)
# help2man errors: help2man: can't get `--help' info from man/chmod.td/chmod
# http://ftp.lfs-matrix.net/pub/clfs/conglomeration/coreutils/coreutils-8.28-noman.patch
# based on a patch by William Harrington (kb0iic at cross-lfs dot org) 2014-10-30 for coreutils 8.23
#sed -i 's@source=(@source=(coreutils-8.28-noman.patch @' PKGBUILD
#sed -i "s@md5sums=(@md5sums=('SKIP' @" PKGBUILD
#sed -i '/build()/ i \  prepare() { \n\  cd ${pkgname}-${pkgver}\n\ patch -Np1 < ${srcdir}/coreutils-8.28-noman.patch \n }' PKGBUILD

# zlib
######
strip: /lib/libz.so.1: no version information available (required by /lib/libbfd-2.29.1.so)
=> this is because some tools are built with other versions (toolchain vs. chroot)
=> so we must not install zlib before we rebuild binutils

# util-linux
############
# disable some dependencies on systemd, python, PAM (chfn_chsh)
# and other stuff we don't need
# libtool seems broken
sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@ \+depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@--with-python=3@--without-python \\@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i '/--without-python/ a \ --without-systemd --without-systemdsystemunitdir' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@./configure@./configure --host=i486-unknown-linux-gnu@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i '/--without-python \\/ a \ --disable-chfn-chsh \\' PKGBUILD
sed -i '/--without-python \\/ a \ --disable-shared --enable-static \\' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@\(chmod 4755 "$pkgdir"/usr/bin/{newgrp,ch{sh,fn}}\)@#\1@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i "s@\(sed -i '/ListenStream.*\)@#\1@g" PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@\(rm "$pkgdir.*\)@#\1@g' PKGBUILD
# chgrp: chgrp: invalid group: 'tty'invalid group: 'tty'
# /etc/group belongs to filesystem, but has only a root entry when installed
=> filesystem package: post.install hook has not been executed (filesystem.install)
=> for now do it manually
groupadd -g 5 tty
# IMPORTANT DNAGER: the test suite is crazzy and destroys the host!! use --nocheck
# packaging generates tons of errors, lets hope, they are not critical.
# cp: omitting directory ‘/’
# => at least util-linux needs !strip OPTIONS (makepkg-i486.conf)
#rm "$pkgdir"/usr/lib/lib*.{a,so}*

# pcre
######
# no C++
sed -i 's@./configure@./configure --disable-cpp@g' pcre/PKGBUILD
# --nocheck as we have trouble to find shared libraries

# gmp
#####
# no C++
sed -i 's@--enable-cxx@--disable-cxx@g' gmp/PKGBUILD

# gawk
######
# we don't have a valid locale yet, disable NLS
# and disable testing
sed -i 's@./configure@./configure --disable-nls@g' PKGBUILD

# openssh
#########
# package suffers from featuritis
# remove ldns and kerberos5 support, keep libedit (as it's easy to build)
# ssh => not good, openssl <> unbound <> openssl cycle and mess
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@^depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@--with-ldns@--without-ldns@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@--with-kerberos5=/usr@--without-kerberos5@g' PKGBUILD
#ln: failed to create symbolic link '/build/openssh/pkg/openssh/usr/share/man/man1/slogin.1.gz': No such file or directory
sed -i 's@\(ln -sf ssh.1.gz.*\)@#\1@g' PKGBUILD

# git
#####
# manual PKGBUILD fix
# install: cannot stat 'contrib/credential/libsecret/git-credential-libsecret': No such file or directory
# => PKGBUILD is a mess, sorry!
# no asciidoc, as this needs python2
#asciidoc -b docbook -d manpage -f ../../Documentation/asciidoc.conf \
#        -agit_version=2.15.0  git-subtree.txt
# disable make install-doc
#make: pkg-config: Command not found
#make: pkg-config: Command not found
#make: Leaving directory '/build/git/src/git-2.15.0/contrib/subtree'
#mv: cannot stat '/build/git/pkg/git/usr/share/perl5/site_perl/Git/*': No such file or directory
=> hack away python, perl, systemd, contrib, docu and other things we don't need right now

git clone...
Cloning into 'strusBase'...
fatal: cannot run ssh: No such file or directory
fatal: unable to fork
fatal: Unable to find remote helper for 'https'
fatal: Unable to find remote helper for 'http'
=> we need ssh

# tcl
#####
# disable tests: cynical, disable unit tests of a software needed for testing

# autoconf
##########
# checks need fortan (wow. that package is old!)
# depends contains base-devel stuff?! diffutils
sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' autoconf/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' autoconf/PKGBUILD
# not bad, but lets disable testing for now:
# ERROR: 455 tests were run,
# 5 failed (4 expected failures).
# 48 tests were skipped.

# automake
##########
# automake needs dejagnu for testing, not now, disabling checks
sed -i 's@checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' automake/PKGBUILD
# TOTAL: 2901
# PASS:  2673
# SKIP:  164
# XFAIL: 41
# FAIL:  21
# XPASS: 0
# ERROR: 2
=> ok, but let's disable testing

# dejagnu
#########
# has hard-wired AC_PROG_CXX in configure, remove internal C++ tests
sed -i '/.\/configure/ i \  sed -i "s@AC_PROG_CXX@#AC_PROG_CXX@" configure.ac' dejagnu/PKGBUILD
sed -i '/configure.ac/ a \  sed -i "s@\\(unit_SOURCES.*\\)@#\\1@g" Makefile.am' dejagnu/PKGBUILD
sed -i '/configure.ac/ a \  sed -i "s@\\(check_PROGRAMS*\\)@#\\1@g" Makefile.am' dejagnu/PKGBUILD
sed -i '/Makefile.am/ a \  autoreconf' dejagnu/PKGBUILD

# wget
######
# no gnutls, no libpsl
sed -i 's@^depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@--enable-nls@--disable-nls@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@--with-ssl=gnutls@--with-ssl=openssl@g' PKGBUILD
sed -i '/.\/configure/ a \    --without-libpsl \\' PKGBUILD
# work around pkg-config
sed -i 's@./configure@OPENSSL_CFLAGS=-I/usr/include OPENSSL_LIBS="-lssl lcrypto" ./configure@g' PKGBUILD
# needs myriads of perl modules for testing => --nocheck
sed -i 's@^checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' PKGBUILD

# binutils
##########
# risky, risky
sed -i 's/glibc>=2.26/glib/g' binutils/PKGBUILD
# this is in gold, so let's disable gold! We don't have C++ (yet), so this should not matter..
sed -i 's@--enable-gold@--disable-gold@g' binutils/PKGBUILD

# libunwind
###########
# no TeX, no docu
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' libunwind/PKGBUILD


# TODO: gcc
#####
TODO:
sed -i 's@^makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' binutils/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@^checkdepends\(.*\)@#checkdepends\1@g' binutils/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@^depends\(.*\)@#depends\1@g' binutils/PKGBUILD

# gcc
#####
# no gcc-ada and doxygen
sed -i '/makedepend/ s/gcc-ada //g' gcc/PKGBUILD
sed -i '/makedepend/ s/doxygen //g' gcc/PKGBUILD
# avoid huge git checkouts
sed -i 's@git+https://gcc.gnu.org/git/gcc.git.*@ftp://ftp.mpi-sb.mpg.de/pub/gnu/mirror/gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/releases/${pkgname}-${pkgver}/${pkgname}-${pkgver}.tar.gz@' gcc/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@cd gcc$@cd ${pkgname}-${pkgver}@g' gcc/PKGBUILD
sed -i 's@$srcdir/gcc/configure@$srcdir/${pkgname}-${pkgver}/configure@g' gcc/PKGBUILD
# we don't have a working C++ compiler right now, be must bootstrap
# doesn't work, we need c++ sind 4.8!
#sed -i '/--enable-shared/ a \      --enable-bootstrap \\' gcc/PKGBUILD
# remove ADA, we don't have (and will most likely never have a GNAT binary to
# bootstrap ADA itself), on the other hand, there is nothing using ADA anyway.
# at least not in packages/community
sed -i '/pkgname/ s/gcc-ada//g' gcc/PKGBUILD
sed -i '/enable-languages/ s/ada//g' gcc/PKGBUILD
# send bugs to the right place
sed -i 's@https://bugs.archlinux.org/@https://bugs.archlinux32.org/@g' gcc/PKGBUILD
# so, I don't know what GNU people call bootstrapping, but this definitely isn't for C!
/usr/include/c++/7.2.0/cstdlib:75:15: fatal error: stdlib.h: No such file or directory
=> let's try to fix the C++ compiler then..
# this is really really dangerous, let's hope, it works
=> find /usr/include/c++/7.2.0 -type f -exec sed -i 's/#include_next/#include/g' {} \;
# /build/gcc/src/gcc-7.2.0/libgo/testsuite/gotest: line 624: 28445 Killed                  ./a.out -test.short -test.timeout=${timeout}s "$@"
=> ok, enough, go without testing
==> Starting package_gcc-go()...
make: *** i486-pc-linux-gnu/libgo: No such file or directory.  Stop.
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in package_gcc-go().
    Aborting...
=> fails, oh well, nobody needs go :-)



only c language
no checkdepdns, makedepnds

why the hell, I switched off c++, so wy are still cpp probes being done!?
/lib/cpp hardcoded, seriosly!!
# in prepare()
ln -s ../bin/cpp /home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/cpp
find . -name configure -exec sed -i 's@/lib/cpp@/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/cpp@g' {} \;

since 4.8 gcc is written in C++, fine. so we have to have a crosstool-ng C++ or
=> we add C++ to the crosstool-ng toolchain, easier and more secure

 included from /home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-7.2.0/gcc/genmddeps.c:19:0:
/home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-7.2.0/gcc/system.h:540:34: error: declaration of C function ‘const cha
r* strsignal(int)’ conflicts with
 extern const char *strsignal (int);
                                  ^
In file included from /usr/include/c++/4.8.2/cstring:42:0,
                 from /home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-7.2.0/gcc/system.h:235,
                 from /home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-7.2.0/gcc/genmddeps.c:19:
/usr/include/string.h:562:14: error: previous declaration ‘char* strsignal(int)’ here
 extern char *strsignal (int __sig) __THROW;             ^
In file included from ./bconfig.h:5:0,
=> so, we get to an end here, c++ is taken from the host while cross-compiling?!
-> remove glibc-devel on the host!
-> draw the g++ link, autoconf fails in gcc in funny ways (not finding uint64_t)
-> carefull, we build a gcc over a crossng-gcc, not sure, this is supported..
-> aha. if mpfr, mpc and gmp are not installed and taken from sysroot but from i486-root
   some pathes get messed up.

https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82590
https://www.mail-archive.com/gcc-bugs@gcc.gnu.org/msg550065.html
https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?format=multiple&id=54692

https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=65863
-> huh?
https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-help/2016-06/msg00016.html
- > yes, this is the inicatition I needed, mpfr, gmp and mpc point to a weird location

The stage one compiler doesn't find the shared library, o well:
/home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-build/./gcc/cc1: error while loading shared libraries: libmpc.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
-> export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/sysroot/usr/lib

And it never ends:
In file included from /home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-7.2.0/libgcc/libgcc2.c:27:0:
/home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-7.2.0/libgcc/../gcc/tsystem.h:87:10: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory
 #include <stdio.h>
          ^~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make[2]: *** [Makefile:491: _muldi3.o] Error 1
-> https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-help/2012-04/msg00088.html
-> so, let's try giving it a --with-sysroot to the crosstool-ng dirs
-> and this means also it got past stage 1 compilers :-)

/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/gcc/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/4.9.4/../../../../i486-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/ld: /home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-build/./gcc/liblto_plugin.so: error loading plugin: /home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-build/./gcc/liblto_plugin.so: wrong ELF class: ELFCLASS32
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [Makefile:982: libgcc_s.so] Error 1
=> for now, remove LTO stuff in PKGBUILD

make: *** i486-unknown-linux-gnu/libstdc++-v3/doc: No such file or directory.  Stop.
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in build().
    Aborting...
=> remove the PKGBUILD line #  make -C $CHOST/libstdc++-v3/doc DESTDIR="$pkgdir" doc-install-man
libstdc++-v3/
=> # make documentation
  #make -C $CHOST/libstdc++-v3/doc doc-man-doxygen

install: failed to access ‘/home/cross/build/gcc/pkg/gcc/usr/lib/gcc/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/7.2.0/’: No such file or directory
=> gcc auto-probed itself into i486-pc-linux-gnu, so the installed files are there
CHOST="i486-pc-linux-gnu"    
make: Leaving directory '/home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-build/gcc'
install: failed to access ‘/home/cross/build/gcc/pkg/gcc/usr/lib/gcc/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/7.2.0/’: No such file or directory
=> sweet, let's try a symlink

_libdir=usr/lib/gcc/$CHOST/$pkgver
=> hard-code: to _libdir=usr/lib/gcc/i486-pc-linux-gnu/$pkgver
=> nope, now others break
this is hardly the ArchLinux way: vanilla and upstream

again CHOST set to  i486-pc-linux-gnu
=> this package is a disaster!
=> we have a mess with two CHOSTS, one for crosstool-ng (unknown) and
   one for our chroot

# remove traces of ADA
  rm "$pkgdir"/usr/share/info/{gccgo,gfortran.info}

# rm: cannot remove ‘/home/cross/build/gcc/pkg/gcc/usr/share/info/gccgo’: No such file or directory
#  rm "$pkgdir"/usr/share/info/{gccgo,gfortran.info}

/home/cross/x-tools/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/gcc/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/4.9.4/../../../../i486-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/ld: cannot find -lquadmath
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
libtool: install: error: relink `libgfortran.la' with the above command before installing it
make: *** [Makefile:1331: install-toolexeclibLTLIBRARIES] Error 1
make: Leaving directory '/home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc-build/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/libgfortran'
==> ERROR: A failure occurred in package_gcc-libs().
    Aborting...
=> libquadmath must be retooled before libfortran
=> nope libfortran simply fails to relink => remove it

install: cannot stat ‘/home/cross/build/gcc/src/gcc/COPYING.RUNTIME’: No such file or directory
=> sweet, remove it

error: failed to commit transaction (conflicting files)
gcc: /home/cross/i486-root/usr/lib/libstdc++.a exists in filesystem (owned by gcc-libs)
gcc: /home/cross/i486-root/usr/lib/libstdc++.la exists in filesystem (owned by gcc-libs)
Errors occurred, no packages were upgraded.
=> well, force the package

test.c:1:10: fatal error: stdio.h: No such file or directory


# END TODO: gcc

# libtool
#########
# patched heavily again, git version cannot be bootstrapped use official tarball

# glibc
#######
# use 2.25 version, not 2.26. Keep the ABI intact!
# endless loop? gawk -f ../scripts/gen-as-const.awk pthread-pi-defines.sym \
# two reasons: clock and artifacts walk backwards or forward in time
# chroot on server with chroot, hard to have an asynchronous clock?
# or glibc is already installed on the system (where not?), so how the
# hell can it be possibly built!
# => oh, this would be cruel.
# or 3rd reason, we have a glibc shim, maybe this one causes some trouble
# => why?
# or libtool fixing, whatever fixing means (https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-496052-start-0.html)
# => nope.
# -isystem /usr/includ ein gcc spec? quite likely!
# ah: old friend:
build/glibc/src/glibc-build/libc.a(dl-sysdep.o): In function `.L18':
dl-sysdep.c:(.text+0x8c): undefined reference to `__memcmp_ia32'
/build/glibc/src/glibc-build/libc.a(dl-sysdep.o): In function `.L87':
dl-sysdep.c:(.text+0x11f): undefined reference to `__memcmp_ia32'
/build/glibc/src/glibc-build/libc.a(dl-sysdep.o): In function `.L19':
dl-sysdep.c:(.text+0x152): undefined reference to `__memcmp_ia32'
/build/glibc/src/glibc-build/libc.a(dl-sysdep.o): In function `.L85':
dl-sysdep.c:(.text+0x19c): undefined reference to `__memcmp_ia32'
dl-sysdep.c:(.text+0x1b7): undefined reference to `__memcmp_ia32'
/build/glibc/src/glibc-build/libc.a(dl-sysdep.o):dl-sysdep.c:(.text+0x202): more undefined references to `__memcmp_ia32' follow
elf/sln
=> USE_MULTIARCH
=> --disable-multi-arch
=> let's test this time, too dangerous to loose the chroot otherwise!
# older 2.25 misses a binutils 2.29 patch:
https://git.busybox.net/buildroot/diff/package/glibc/0005-fix-binutils-2-29-build.patch?id=cf821efbd0b24690b52f379d4a9934a16073762e
{standard input}: Assembler messages:
{standard input}: Error: `loc1@GLIBC_2.0' can't be versioned to common symbol 'loc1'
{standard input}: Error: `loc2@GLIBC_2.0' can't be versioned to common symbol 'loc2'
{standard input}: Error: `locs@GLIBC_2.0' can't be versioned to common symbol 'locs'
make[2]: *** [../o-iterator.mk:9: /build/glibc/src/glibc-build/misc/regexp.os] Error 1

PACKAGES="iana-etc filesystem linux-api-headers tzdata ncurses readline bash \
gdbm perl openssl bzip2 xz m4 help2man flex bc elfutils \
libtool libxml2 libgpg-error libgcrypt libxslt \
docbook-xml docbook-xsl xmlto libcap libtirpc pambase pam inetutils bison iproute2 kmod \
sysfsutils libidn iputils \
expat acl attr lz4 tar libarchive curl pacman \
joe coreutils util-linux pcre grep findutils file diffutils ed patch \
autoconf automake libedit openssh pcre2 git libunwind strace wget \
gmp mpfr gawk libmpc zlib tcl expect dejagnu binutils gcc libtool glibc"
for p in $PACKAGES; do
	asp export $p   
done

for p in $PACKAGES
	cd $p

	sed -i "s/^arch=.*/arch=('i486')/" PKGBUILD

	# for some packages we cannot execute tests (because the dependencies to install in
	# the toolchain environment would be too much)
	# perl: --nocheck
	# openssl: --nocheck
	# libelf: --nocheck
	# libtool: --nocheck
	# libxml2: --nocheck
	# libxslt: --nocheck
	# inetutils: --nocheck
	# bison: --nocheck
	# libarchive: --nocheck
	# pacman: --nocheck
	# util-linux: --nocheck
	# pcre: --nocheck
	# gawk: --nocheck
	# tcl: --nocheck

	makepkg -C --config /etc/makepkg.conf --skipchecksums --skippgpcheck > $p.log 2>&1

	# TODO: 
	# some package break in parallel builds or produce really funky
	# error messages or/and results
	# binutils: use makepkg-noparallel.conf
        # gcc: use makepkg-noparallel.conf for debuging, the real build works fine in parallel
        
	cp -v *.pkg.tar.gz /packages/i486/.

	pacman --noconfirm --config /etc/pacman-i486.conf -U *.pkg.tar.gz 

	# replace all pacman articats and clean caches
	rm -rf /packages/i486/temp* /var/cache/pacman/pkg/*
	repo-add /packages/i486/temp.db.tar.gz /packages/i486/*pkg.tar.gz
	
	#repo-add -n /packages/i486/temp.db.tar.gz /packages/i486/*pkg.tar.gz

	pacman --noconfirm --config /etc/pacman-i486.conf -r / -S $p

	pacman --config /etc/pacman-i486.conf -r / -Q | grep $p
done

# aftermatch for gcc/binutils

#collect2: unable to find ld: this sounds bad, like an archicture mismatch somewhere
#in binutils/gcc
=> this is the cross compiled gcc for i486 inside the chroot, it expects
   its platform dependend stuff in /usr/lib/gcc/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/7.2.0
=> we can temporarily fix this:
ln -s /usr/bin/ld /usr/lib/gcc/i486-unknown-linux-gnu/7.2.0/ld
etc.

# libz.so missing?
ln -s libz.so.1 /usr/lib/libz.so

# aftermatch for glibc

# bacause pacman cannot set file permissions
chmod u+x /usr/bin/* /lib/*.so*

# kernel headers:
#/usr/include/linux/errno.h missing
#/usr/include/adm/errno.h missing
=> a libarchive compression issue, files missing, because they are in pkg of
  linux-api-headers?!

remove debug packages

error: failed to commit transaction (conflicting files)
/usr/lib/libstdc++.a exists in both 'gcc-libs' and 'gcc'
/usr/lib/libstdc++.la exists in both 'gcc-libs' and 'gcc'
/usr/lib/libblkid.a exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libblkid.la exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libfdisk.a exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libfdisk.la exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libmount.a exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libmount.la exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libsmartcols.a exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libsmartcols.la exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libuuid.a exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
/usr/lib/libuuid.la exists in both 'util-linux' and 'libutil-linux'
Errors occurred, no packages were upgraded.

=> ok, we loose files and permissions

# in 'real' 486
###############

next round: do those problems persist

error: could not register 'temp' database (wrong or NULL argument passed)

installed binaries have wrong permissions (no execute permission), a pacman issue?
shilly flags? libarchive problem?

git: https helpers
chmod 0777 /usr/lib/git-core/git-remote-*

later: for inside the chroot

# uname module hack
###################

# as root
# we need i486, so setarch doesn't work for us, because it emulates only,
# a i686, use the hacked uname kernel module:
wget http://clfs.org/files/extras/uname_hack-20080713.tar.bz2
tar xf uname_hack-20080713.tar.bz2 
cd uname_hack
# swap memset arguments:
# /root/uname_hack/uname_hack.c:50:2: warning: 'memset' used with constant zero length parameter; this could be due to transposed parameters [-Wmemset-transposed-args]
#  memset(uname_hack_uts_machine, uname_hack_uts_machine_len, '\0');
#  ^~~~~~
#  Building modules, stage 2.
make uname_hack_fake_machine=i486
insmod  uname_hack.ko
#lib/config.guess in automake returns i486-pc-linux-gnu
# uname -m returns i486
cd ..

# patch our hosts pacman.conf, so it doesn't get fooled by the architecture hack
sed -i 's@^Architecture.*@Architecture = x86_64@g' /etc/pacman.conf

# optional packages for stage 1
# TODO: do we need this for old machines?
# linux-firmware
# use git from the host for now
#sed -i 's@makedepends\(.*\)@#makedepends\1@g' linux-firmware/PKGBUILD